Celebrating World Albatross Day – Protecting Giants of the Southern Ocean
19 June 2025 marks World Albatross Day, a global celebration of these magnificent seabirds whose wide wingspans and far-ranging flight paths have long captured the imagination of sailors, scientists, and nature lovers alike. For South Africa, and particularly for the South African National Antarctic Programme (SANAP), this day highlights not only the beauty and ecological importance of albatrosses—but also the urgent need to protect them.
At the heart of SANAP’s commitment to seabird conservation is ongoing research and monitoring on Marion Island, one of the two Prince Edward Islands in the Southern Ocean. Marion Island is home to several albatross species, including the iconic Wandering Albatross, known for having the largest wingspan of any bird in the world. These seabirds are critical indicators of ocean health, and their survival is closely linked to the stability of sub-Antarctic ecosystems.
SANAP scientists have been conducting long-term ecological studies on albatross population trends, breeding behaviour, and foraging ecology, using tracking devices and direct observation to better understand how climate change, ocean dynamics, and human activities are impacting these vulnerable birds.
A major step in protecting Marion Island’s seabirds is the Mouse-Free Marion Project—a large-scale conservation effort aimed at eradicating invasive house mice that prey on albatross chicks and other native birds. These mice, unintentionally introduced by humans, have developed aggressive predatory behaviours that threaten the survival of not only the Wandering Albatross but also Grey-headed, Sooty, and Light-mantled Albatrosses, as well as burrowing petrels and other island species. The Mouse-Free Marion project represents one of the most important island restoration initiatives globally, and a critical investment in the long-term survival of South Africa’s seabird populations. Success will mean a safer future for generations of albatrosses nesting on this remote and windswept island.
This World Albatross Day, we celebrate the tireless work of scientists, conservationists, and partners who are helping to give these majestic ocean wanderers a fighting chance. Let’s continue to raise awareness and support efforts to keep the skies above the Southern Ocean filled with soaring wings.
On 8 June 2025, the SANAP community celebrates World Oceans Day under the powerful theme: One Ocean, One Climate, One Future – Together. At the heart of this theme lies a call to protect our blue planet through collective research, and deepened understanding of the critical role our oceans play in shaping the Earth’s climate and supporting life.
For the South African National Antarctic Programme (SANAP), this is more than a celebration—it’s a reaffirmation of our mission – Understand, Develop and Conserve. Our Southern Ocean research efforts are driven by the urgent need to understand the links between ocean health, climate change, and the wellbeing of future generations. South Africa, as a gateway to Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, plays a key scientific and logistical role in advancing global knowledge of polar and marine systems.
Sometimes called the lungs of the planet, the Southern Ocean absorbs vast amounts of carbon dioxide and heat, making it one of the most crucial regulators of Earth’s climate. It drives ocean circulation, supports unique ecosystems, and connects all major ocean basins. However, it is also one of the fastest-changing regions due to climate change—warming waters, shifting ice dynamics, and altered ecosystems pose challenges that demand urgent scientific attention.
SANAP’s Research Footprint
Through SANAP, South African researchers from various institutions are contributing world-class science to understand and protect the Southern Ocean:
The Southern Ocean: A Climate Regulator: The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is a house of climate regulation, absorbing vast amounts of atmospheric carbon and heat. SANAP researchers are actively researching ocean currents, sea ice dynamics, and carbon cycling to better understand how these processes are evolving in a warming world. (Photo credit: A Zietsman)
Protecting Life on the Edge: From the wandering albatross on Marion Island to microscopic extremophiles in Antarctic soils, life persists against all odds in these regions. SANAP’s biodiversity monitoring projects are uncovering the intricate web of life that depends on these environments — and how threats such as invasive species, plastic pollution, and climate variability are impacting these ecosystems. (Photo Credit left: M Greve, middle & right: CJ Scheepers)
Long-Term Science, Global Impact: With decades of data collection and continuous human presence at SANAP’s research stations, SANAP long-term research projects offer insights into environmental change. Through collaborations with international partners, SANAP helps shape global understanding of polar processes and their far-reaching effects. This World Environment Day, SANAP celebrates the resilience of our southernmost ecosystems and the SANAP community is dedicated to its preservation. As stewards of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic, SANAP remain committed to advancing knowledge, promoting conservation, and ensuring these unique environments endure for future generations. (Photo Credit: Greg Hofmeyr)
June marks 
As South Africa’s gateway to the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, SANAP plays a vital role in environmental research and conservation in some of the planet’s most fragile and remote ecosystems — including Antarctica, Marion Island, and Gough Island. During Environment Month, SANAP takes pride in celebrating the unique natural heritage of these sub-Antarctic and Antarctic regions, where pristine ecosystems offer critical insight into global environmental changes.
Marion Island, in particular, stands out as a hub of scientific activity. Home to one of SANAP’s permanent research stations, the island has been central to decades of biological and environmental studies. Its long-term monitoring programmes have produced a wealth of scientific papers and post-graduate research, offering rare and invaluable data on biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, and the far-reaching impacts of climate change. These efforts are not only advancing global understanding of environmental shifts but also reinforcing South Africa’s commitment to science-based conservation.
Gough Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, lies over 2,500 km from South Africa and is known for its rugged beauty, unique wildlife, and critical role in weather and climate observation. The island is uninhabited apart from the small overwintering team stationed at Gough Base, which plays a vital role in supporting South Africa’s meteorological and environmental research.
